The study, published in JAMA Ophthalmology, has raised concerns about an association between semaglutide, a medication used to manage type 2 diabetes and obesity, and an increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) This serious condition (NAION) can lead to sudden vision loss and is characterized by damage to the optic nerve.
The study, led by Jimena Tatiana Hathaway, MD, MPH and colleagues, investigates a link between semaglutide use and the incidence of NAION. The researchers conducted a retrospective matched cohort study using data from a centralized registry covering patients who were evaluated by neuro-ophthalmologists at an academic institution between December 2017 and November 2023.
The study included 16,827 patients who had no prior history of NAION. Among these, 710 patients had type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 979 were overweight or obese. Within these groups, patients were either prescribed semaglutide or non–glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) medications for managing their conditions.
"The study found people with diabetes who had been prescribed semaglutide by their physician and then filled the prescription were more than four times more likely to be diagnosed with NAION," the authors wrote in a press release, adding, "Those who were overweight or obese and were prescribed this drug were more than seven times more likely to get the diagnosis."
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In the group with Type-2 diabetes, 17 NAION events occurred in patients who were prescribed semaglutide compared to six patients prescribed non–GLP-1 RA anti-diabetic medications. The cumulative incidence of NAION over 36 months was 8.9% in the semaglutide group versus 1.8% in the non–GLP-1 RA group.
In obese patients, 20 NAION events occurred in the semaglutide group compared to 3 in the non–GLP-1 RA group. The cumulative incidence of NAION over 36 months was 6.7% in the semaglutide group versus 0.8% in the non–GLP-1 RA group.
Ozempic and Wegovy contain synthesized peptides originally patterned from the venom of the Gila Monster reptile. The venom of Gila monsters contains a compound that can regulate hunger, akin to a hormone naturally produced in human intestines. However, the lizard-derived version exhibits a longer-lasting effect that targets the Vagus nerve. This discovery has paved the way for a novel category of medications targeting obesity and diabetes, but inevitably disrupts organ systems.
The drug works by disrupting hunger signals transmitted from the brain to the digestive system. This venomous medication achieves weight loss primarily by disrupting the function of the Vagus nerve. As the longest and most crucial nerve in the human body, the Vagus nerve originates in the brain and connects to numerous vital organs, coordinating stimuli for digestion, circulation, respiration, cognitive function and more. Due to the drug’s extensive influence over the Vagus nerve, the potential for organ damage is high across the body.
Researchers are just now finding negative effects on the eyes, but it won’t be long before they document damage across entire organ systems in the body, resembling systemic effects seen in victims of venomous snake bites. This drug cannot be healthy over a long period of time, as the dose of venom accumulates and the disruptions to the Vagus nerve continue unnaturally. For starters, the Vagus nerve regulates digestion, heart rate, respiration, speech, swallowing and immune function. All these systems will eventually be negatively affected. Ozempic and Wegovy already list side effects that correspond with the failure of these systems. Blindness is just the beginning of worse outcomes. The U.S. is looking at an explosion of organ damage in the coming years, as 15.5 million people already take these drugs.
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