- Iraq's prime minister has declared September 30 a fixed, final deadline for all U.S.-led coalition forces to leave the country
- The move would end a 23-year American military presence in Iraq dating back to the 2003 invasion
- A U.S. official confirmed Washington expects to complete the withdrawal by the deadline but declined to detail troop numbers
- Iraq has tied the pullout to a separate effort to disarm non-state militias, though analysts doubt that goal will be met
- The withdrawal comes amid growing Gulf frustration with Washington and a regional shift toward new security alliances like the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi has declared the end of September an inflexible deadline for the complete removal of U.S.-led coalition forces, a move that would conclude a 23-year American military footprint dating back to the 2003 invasion. The stance, reported by London-based Saudi daily Asharq Al-Awsat, contradicts speculation that Washington sought a partial drawdown rather than a full exit.
It follows a period of regional turmoil, including damage to U.S. infrastructure during the war with Iran and frustration among Gulf allies over what they viewed as inadequate consultation ahead of the U.S.-Israeli strikes on Tehran.
Al-Zaidi's office has framed October 1 as "a new day" free of foreign military presence, with officials stating that placing all weapons under exclusive state control "represents an essential prerequisite for moving Iraq into a new phase of development and prosperity."
Prime minister's office calls the deadline "fixed and final"
The prime minister's office issued a statement Wednesday following al-Zaidi's meeting with U.S. Central Command chief Adm. Brad Cooper, insisting the September 30 date is non-negotiable. Both sides agreed to the timeline during al-Zaidi's visit to Washington in mid-July, the office said, describing the transition as a shift toward economic and security cooperation rather than continued occupation.
A U.S. official later confirmed to the Associated Press that Washington expects to complete its withdrawal by September 30, though the official declined to specify how many troops remain or where they'd be redeployed. An anonymous Iraqi official told Asharq Al-Awsat that any suggestion of a lingering foreign presence would "contradict what was agreed upon between the previous Iraqi government and the US administration." Two Kurdish officials said a drawdown of troops and equipment from Erbil began roughly three weeks ago.
A 23-year military presence ends after multiple phases
U.S. troop levels swelled to over 170,000 at the height of counterinsurgency operations in 2007. Combat forces formally departed in December 2011, only to return in 2014 at Baghdad's invitation after the Islamic State group seized swaths of the country. After ISIL lost its territorial hold, coalition operations concluded in 2021, leaving about 2,500 U.S. troops for training and counter-terror missions. A 2024 agreement between Washington and Baghdad set the stage for winding those down entirely.
President Trump has backed reducing the American presence, reaffirming the 2024 plan during a meeting with al-Zaidi this summer in which he said the two nations were building a relationship "where we don't need the military" in Iraq. The Pentagon is reportedly weighing whether to shrink its broader Gulf footprint once the Iran war concludes, according to officials cited by The Washington Post.
Disarming non-state groups tied to the withdrawal timeline
Al-Zaidi's government has linked the pullout to a parallel push to disarm non-state armed groups, setting the same September 30 deadline. His office argues that once foreign forces leave, such groups lose their justification for staying armed. Some Iran-backed militias have long pointed to the U.S. presence as cover for remaining armed, despite Washington's mission having begun at Baghdad's own request. Analysts doubt Iraq will hit that mark, though, as several of the country's most powerful Iran-aligned factions have already said they have no plans to disarm.
Regional realignment accelerates as U.S. footprint shrinks
The withdrawal comes amid a broader reshuffling of Middle East alliances. Gulf nations have reportedly bristled at what they saw as a lack of consultation before the U.S.-Israeli strikes on Iran, which drew retaliation against bases on their soil. That frustration has pushed regional powers toward diversifying security partnerships: earlier this month, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan signed the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement, already dubbed an "Islamic NATO" by observers.
After 23 years and untold cost, Washington's exit from Iraq poses the same question now facing its posture across the region: whether decades of open-ended military commitments abroad have made America safer, or simply left it holding the bill while allies quietly hedge elsewhere.
Sources for this article include:
Please contact us for more information.